Tea tree oil is a type of essential oil that comes from the leaves of the Australian tea tree. It has several health-related benefits, including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities.

Tea tree oil can be used to help treat a variety of conditions, particularly issues related to the skin. It can also be found as an ingredient in some cosmetic and cleaning products.

Even though tea tree oil is generally well-tolerated, there are some potential side effects to know about. Continue reading as we explore tea tree oil, its side effects, and how to use it safely.

While research suggests there are health benefits, the FDA doesn’t monitor or regulate the purity or quality of essential oils. It’s important to talk with a healthcare professional before you begin using essential oils and be sure to research the quality of a brand’s products. Always do a patch test before trying a new essential oil.

While research suggests there are health benefits, the FDA doesn’t monitor or regulate the purity or quality of essential oils. It’s important to talk with a healthcare professional before you begin using essential oils and be sure to research the quality of a brand’s products. Always do a patch test before trying a new essential oil.

Research into the benefits of tea tree oil is ongoing. Based on what’s currently known about tea tree oil, it’s sometimes used as a natural treatment for certain health conditions, such as:

Tea tree oil is also used in many cosmetic products, such as shampoos, lotions, and soaps. Additionally, it can be included as an ingredient in some household cleaning products.

The possible side effects of tea tree oil depend on how it’s used. The most popular ways to use the oil are by applying it to the skin (topical application) or by inhaling it (aromatherapy).

Applying tea tree oil to the skin can cause irritation, particularly if it’s not diluted properly and is used in higher concentrations. Symptoms of skin irritation from tea tree oil can include:

Some people may develop an allergic reaction to tea tree oil. This is called allergic contact dermatitis and can cause a skin rash that may be red, swollen, and itchy. Use of older or improperly stored tea tree oil is often associated with these reactions, but fresh tea tree oil can cause this skin reaction, too.

A 2007 study found that abnormal breast growth coincided with tea tree and lavender oil use in a young boy who had been regularly using hair products containing both oils. The condition resolved after he stopped using the products.

Tea tree oil can also be used for aromatherapy. With this method, the oil is inhaled by using a diffuser, or through steam inhalation. Breathing in too much tea tree oil, or inhaling it for too long may lead to symptoms like:

Tea tree oil should never be used internally. It can be toxic and potentially fatal if you ingest it. If swallowed, symptoms may include:

Tea tree oil is toxic if swallowed. That’s why it should be kept in a safe place where children and pets can’t get to the oil and won’t be tempted to swallow it.

Case reports of tea tree oil poisoning from 1994, 1995, and 2003 occurred in children who swallowed the oil. In these cases, the children recovered following emergency care at a hospital.

The symptoms of tea tree oil poisoning in children are similar to those in adults. They can include symptoms like:

Toxicity in pets has been reported not only when tea tree oil is ingested, but also when it’s applied topically.

One study reviewed incidents of exposure to 100 percent tea tree oil in cats and dogs over a 10-year period. Researchers found that in 89 percent of cases, tea tree oil was applied intentionally to the animals and not ingested accidentally.

The common symptoms of tea tree oil poisoning in dogs and cats can include:

Following essential oil safety guidelines may help reduce the risk of developing side effects. Some tips include:

Avoid using tea tree oil if you have eczema, as it could make your condition worse. Also, use caution with inhaling the oil if you have asthma, as it may worsen your symptoms.

Generally speaking, it’s a good rule of thumb to consult your doctor if you’re considering using tea tree oil but have questions or concerns. This is particularly true if you:

If you develop a skin irritation or allergic contact dermatitis after using tea tree oil, discontinue use. See your doctor if you have a skin reaction to tea tree oil that’s severe or affects a large area of your body.

Seek emergency care if you or someone else has swallowed tea tree oil or is experiencing signs of anaphylaxis in response to tea tree oil. Symptoms of anaphylaxis include:

Tea tree oil is an essential oil that can be used to help treat various conditions, including acne, athlete’s foot, and dandruff. It can also be found in some cosmetic and cleaning products.

There are several potential side effects of tea tree oil, including skin irritation and allergic contact dermatitis. Tea tree oil is toxic when ingested and should never be taken internally.

When using tea tree oil, be sure to follow essential oil safety guidelines. This includes diluting the oil properly before applying it to your skin, and not inhaling it for long periods of time. If you have health-related questions or concerns, consult your doctor before using tea tree oil.

Last medically reviewed on November 14, 2019

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